As we have different words to refer to "home", in japanese there are also a lot of different ways to say it and each one has a different use:

+ 家 - Ie - House
This one refers to the building, it can be mine, yours, etc.
ここは私の家です - Koko wa watashi no ie desu - Here is my house
家に帰って勉強しなさい - Ie ni kaette benkyou shinasai - Return to -your- home and study
すごいな～誰の家だろう - sugoi na~ Dare no ie darou - Awesome~Who is the owner of this house?

+ 家 - Uchi (look, it's written like Ie) - House
It refers to "my house" and everything concerning to it.
At what time do you go to work?... 家から8時に出ます (Uchi kara hachiji ni demasu) I leave my house at 08.00
家にある - Uchi ni naru - It's in my house
家の人 - Uchi no hito - People of my house, family, parent, spouse...

+ 宅 - Taku - House
This one refers to the place where you live.
立派なお宅ですね - Rippana otaku desu ne - It's an imponent house, isn't?
宅のほうに届けてください - Taku no hou ni todokete kudasai - Send it, deliver it to my house please

+ 自宅 - Jitaku - House (自 ji is own, and taku is house)
My house (own house)
自宅はあそこです - Jitaku wa asoko desu - My house is there
すみません、自宅に忘れた - Sumimasen, jitaku ni wasureta - I'm sorry, I forgot it in my house

+ 住宅 - Juutaku - House (住 juu is live, and taku is house)
The house, residence, the house were you live, generally used for second person or in an unpersonal way.
住宅の住所を教えてください - Juutaku no juusho wo oshiete kudasai - Please tell me the address of your house

+ 住まい - Sumai - Home
The home, the place where you live (not necessarily something physical)
お住まいはどこですか - Osumai wa doko desu ka - Where do you live?
今はホテル住まいです - Ima wa hoteru sumai desu - Currently I live in a hotel

+ 実家 - Jikka - House, the family house, where you grew up
夏休みの間実家へ帰ります - Natsu yasumi no aida jikka he kaerimasu - While I'm in summer holidays, I'll return to my house

+ マイホーム - Mai hoomu - My home, obviously
マイホームの夢 - Mai hoomu no yume - The dream of having your own house

+ 新居 - Shinkyo - New House

+ 住居 - Juukyo - House (where you live)
住居を移す - Juukyo wo utsusu - Moving of house

+ 賃貸住宅 - Chintai Juutaku - Rental house

+ 貸家 - Kashiya - Borrowed house or apartment

+ アパート - Apaato - Apartment

+ マンション - Manshon - Mansion

+ 軒家 - Ikkenya - Individual house (軒 - Ken, suffix to count houses)

+ 帰宅 - Kitaku - Return home

+ 住所 - Juusho - Address

+ 空家 - Akiya - Empty House

+ 家庭 - Katei - Related to your home (家庭の問題 - Katei no mondai - Family problems, problems in your house)

+ 別居 - Bekkyou - Living separate, like in divorce

+ 別荘 - Bessou - House for vacation, relax purpose

+ 家なく - Ienaku - without home

+ ホームレス - Hoomuresu - Homeless

+ 犬小屋 - Inugoya - Dog house

All these words have an especific use in some moment, but for someone who is beginning to study japanese all these words can be too much to learn, so you basically need to remember 2 things:
家 - Uchi - My house
住宅 - Juutaku - Your house